Objectives: Ahawzas one of the metropolises of Iran in classified among lowland plains with low slope in terms of topography. In this city, unsystematic construction and immediate rainfalls and showers are the mainsources of flooded street.Method: The present study has a descriptive-analytical approach and is based on causality method. using geographic information system software (GIS) and RIVER TOOLS TECHNIQUES, this study seeks to identify and manage of surface waters and urban floods in District 1 of Ahwaz during rainfalls and then the maps of slope, their direction and areas with flooding potentials are prepared.Findings/ Results: given the low slope of the area, the gravity drainage and pumping of water to Karoon RIVER is impossible due tohighcosts. However, using GIS analysis, the natural routes are determined for water drainage and finally, the map of proposed surface water disposal system in the study area is presented.Conclusion and Suggestion: In District 1 of Ahwaz, the tree orhierarchical surface water collection network has been predicted based on urban streets and alleys. The collected wateris directed to the channels and then transferred to Karoon RIVER.

Quality management TOOLS and TECHNIQUES play an important role in preventive waste management and resources improvement. Consideration of some of the important factors could make the application of approaches more efficient and effective and enables managers to select their alternatives, properly. In this paper, strengths and weaknesses of quality management approaches are demonstrated. In the light of the importance of the availability of information for all TECHNIQUES and TOOLS, their optional use with respect to their application has been emphasized. In the following discussions different classification methods have been proposed, based on (i) graphic and non-graphic TOOLS, (ii) collection, organizing and utilization of data, (iii) product development phases, and (iv) the role and the application of approaches, considering improvement recognition and evaluation, data collection and analysis, and also development, implementation and monitoring of action plans. Frameworks for the use of quality approaches in the process of continuous improvement, as well as a seven steps procedure for quality improvement have been proposed. In each of the stages, the type and amount of the usage of the quality management TOOLS and TECHNIQUES have been addressed. Some of the considerable outcomes of the paper includes (i) most of the reviewed approaches are in the form of graphics and non-numerical, (ii) reviewed TECHNIQUES and TOOLS have different shares in data collection, organizing an utilization, and (iii) the role of approaches in data utilization for action planning is less effective, compared to data collection and organizing.

Genome editing using targetable nucleases is an emerging technology for precise genome modification in many organisms with hight ability and capability. All targeted genome engineering relies on the introduction of a site-specific doublestrand break (DSB) in a pre-determined genomic locus by a rare-cutting DNA endonuclease. Subsequent repair of this DSB by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) generates the desired genetic modifications such as gene disruption, gene insertion, gene correction, etc. Three types of endonucleases, namely ZFNs (zinc finger nucleases), TALENs (transcription activator-like effector nucleases), and the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic regions) associated (Cas9) system have been predominantly utilized for gene editing. Targeted genome engineering or editing enables researchers to modify genomic loci of interest in a precise manner, which has a turning point in medicine, biological research, and biotechnology. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with ZFN-mediated CCR5 gene disruption is one of the indicator examples of the ability of ZFNs in genome editing. The emergence of TALENs in 2010 has enabled the genome modification of non-model organisms, while the emergence of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in 2013 as a revolutionary genome-editing tool has allowed us to anticipate the forthcoming new era of genome editing research. Soon, it is likely that tgenome editing also will provide the possibility of treating genetic diseases. Genome editing is also hoped to be available for use in the generation of crops and livestock with useful traits. An example would be the production of edible fungi resistant to browning by inactivation of the genes encoding polyphenol oxidase in 2016 under the non-GMO genetically edited crop plants and production of herbicide-resistant rice and rapeseed using CRISPR/Cas9 systems. In this article, we review essential genome editing TOOLS, summarize their applications in crop improvement, as well as, next-generation crop breeding and their computational resources will be discussed.

In line with increasing attention to the scope of Business Process Management (BPM) over the past two decades, many TECHNIQUES and TOOLS have been introduced. Finding the proper technique and tool in each phase of the business process management life cycle takes time and effort. This study aims to design and develop an ontology to facilitate the selection of suitable TECHNIQUES and TOOLS at each step of the BPM life cycle. This ontology provides a common understanding of concepts of this domain for computers. The study results showed that two taxonomies for TECHNIQUES and software TOOLS for business process management were created based on BPM life cycle steps. Then, an ontology was developed for them. Noy & McGuinness methodology was applied to implement this ontology, and Protégé 5. 2 and owl language were used. Also, the quality criteria-based approach was used for the evaluation of ontology. All the main concepts in the domain of BPM TECHNIQUES and TOOLS were extracted from previous studies. There are 298 terms. 58 of them are domain concepts or classes, 2 are about taxonomic relations, 2 are related to data property, and 224 are instances. This research used these terms, and the deployed ontology with the quality criteria-based approach was evaluated.

Data about the prevalence of communicable and non-communicable diseases, as one of the most important categories of epidemiological data, is used for interpreting health status of communities. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of outpatient diseases through the characterization of outpatient prescriptions. The data used in this study is collected from 1412 prescriptions for various types of diseases from which we have focused on the identification of ten diseases. In this study, data mining TOOLS are used to identify diseases for which prescriptions are written. In order to evaluate the performances of these methods, we compare the results with Naï ve method. Then, combining methods are used to improve the results. Results showed that Support Vector Machine, with an accuracy of 95. 32%, shows better performance than the other methods. The result of Naive method, with an accuracy of 67. 71%, is 20% worse than Nearest Neighbor method which has the lowest level of accuracy among the other classification algorithms. The results indicate that the implementation of data mining algorithms resulted in a good performance in characterization of outpatient diseases. These results can help to choose appropriate methods for the classification of prescriptions in larger scales.